I Introduction

Health Insurance, insurance designed to pay the costs associated with healthcare. Health insurance plans pay the bills from physicians, hospitals, and other providers of medical services. By doing so, health insurance protects people from financial hardship caused by large or unexpected medical bills.
People obtain health insurance from private organizations or from government agencies. All industrialized countries other than the United States have government-funded national health insurance systems that provide health insurance for virtually everyone. Countries with national health insurance generally consider access to healthcare to be a basic right of citizenship.
In the United States private organizations have traditionally provided the vast majority of health insurance coverage. The U.S. government operates some publicly funded health insurance programs but access is limited to specific groups, such as the poor and the elderly. Most Americans obtain private health insurance through their places of employment.
Americans pay the cost of health insurance in a variety of ways. Workers may pay for private health insurance by authorizing their employers to deduct a specified amount from their paychecks. Alternatively, individuals may work for employers who pay the direct costs of health insurance. People who do not receive health insurance through their jobs or through government programs can purchase private health insurance policies by paying premiums directly to an insurance company.